Lutetium-177 PSMA therapy is used to treat patients with advanced prostate cancers particularly those that have become resistant to the standard systemic treatments. Prostate cancers that have spread to other sites of the body expresses a unique substance on their cell surface known as Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen.

Lu-177 tagged together with the PSMA will specifically attach itself to cells with high expression of PSMA thus enabling the delivery of high doses of targeted radiation therapy while sparing the healthy normal tissues nearby.